reading unit 1

                Psikologi  stadis de aktivitis of individual. De saians of hjumen beheiviors is aektualli e grup of saians. On wan said wi faind psikologi investigeting de organs end sel det du de work of de organizem , end di ader said wi si de social saians stadiying neisions end grup of menkaind. Dear is rum for e midl saians det sel focus its atension on di individual. Det midl saians is psikologi. Psikologi stadis di individuals aktivitis tru – aut his span of laif, from de beginning bifor bert, ap tru di en of laif. Djuring dis laif histori, de Men remaind de seim individual, oldeu his beheiviors saus kontinjueti elong wit meni cengs. Psikologi.

                kompers children end edult, de normal end di abnormal end de hjumen end di enimal. It is interested in de differens bitwin wan individual end anader,end stil mor interestid,if possible, in de jeneral laus of ak’tivitis including iven of veri diferen individuals-laus, for eksampel , of graut, lerning, tingking end emosion.psikologi ken bi difainned as de saians of di individuals ak’tivitis.

                 De werd ‘’aktivitis’’ is yust hier in e brod sens . It insiudis nat onli motor aktivitis laik wolking end spiking bat olso kognitif (nolide – geting) aktivitis laik saying, hiering, remembering, tinking, end ader emosional aktivitis laik lafing end kraiying, or filing hepi or sed. Tis las mei sim pasiv,  bikoz dei ar aktivitis, for dei dipend on de laif of de organizem.  Eni manifastesion of laif ken bi colid en aktiviti. No meter haw pasiv en individual mei sim to himself in wotcing e gem or lisening to mjuzik, hi is reli keriying on en aktiviti. Di onli wai tu bi komplitli in aktiv is tu bi ded.

reading unit 4

                Haw meni taims hev yu filt engri wit  yor self bikoz yu wert u sai tu spik ap wen yu rili wonted tu hav tu konversasion wit aders persen? Ar partis taims for stending in de korner end wotcing aders cat end dens – efreid tu join dem? Du yu lisen tu diskasions bat du not giv yore pinion bikoz yu ting yu ar not smart inaf? Du yu wis yu bi frenli bat don nou hau? Ol dis dout lid tu anhepi filings.

                Dis kain of anhepines kams ebaut not bikoz ader pipel ar traiying tu hert as. Wi mek dis anhepines for auerselvz. Natjureli, wi rili don tu hert auerselvz, bat often wi grup apt inking wi ar not es gud es aders – wi ar inferior; evriwan is beter, smarter, end mor interesting. Dis negativ doughs mek as sai. Wai du wi du dist u auerselvz? Psikologis ken diskaver de risens. It is interesting tu not det very larc nambers of pipel ar sai. Der is, hauever, gud nius. If wi won tu get rid of saines, it ken bi don.

                Wi ken help auerselvz bi rid of saines. Nobadi is perfek, end evribadi hes gud kualitis. Is it feir to pei etension tu aur imperfeksions end overlook aur gud kualitis? Definitli not! De following saggesions mei bi helpful in redjusing saines:

1.       Fers, anderstend det yu kennot eliminet saines overnait. It is e slou proses det yu mas work in gredueli.

2.       Ting ebaut situasion wen biying sai is mos painful. Perhaps yor biges problem is making smol tolk wit e strenger et e parti. In det kes, priper yourself wit sam interesting  karent nius tu tolk ebaut. De weder is e topic often just for starting konversasions.

3.       Getting de ader persen tu tolk ebaut himself / herself is e kliver aidia. Meni pipel enjoi tolking ebaut demselves – or giving deir epinions. For eksampel, yu ken sei samting laik, ‘’ai notis yu laik modern jewelry, yor rings ar very anyusual. Did yu desain dem yourself?’’ Dis ken bi de star of e frenship.

4.       Wenever yu bigen making negative komparisen bitwin yourself end aders, fors yourself tu stop duing det imediteli. Tek yor tough of yourself. Observ aders end ting of e komplimen with wich tu start e konversasion wit samwan.

5.       If yu ar sai et work wer der ar meni kouworkes, cus de list intimidating persen tu de perhaps hev koffi wit or mek kasual smol tolk wit.

6.       Nous det if in efert tu sosializ samtaimes is ansaksesful, it hepens tu evriwan nau end den. Fil proud of yourself for making de effort.

7.       If yu ar rikwairid tu giv e riport tu e grup, tel dem dat yu fil nerves. Dis filing is kuait natural, end evriwan ken simpatiz. Ekspresing dat de grup wil mek yu fil beter.

8.       Ting ebaut yor gud kualitis end biliv det yu ar es gud es eniwan els….Bikoz yu ar!

9.       Tek e kors in developing self – konfidens or rid buks on de sabjek.

Laif is mac mor enjoiabel for pipel hu ar not sai.

psychology of industry

Industrial and organizational psychology (also known as I-O psychology, industrial-organizational psychology, work psychology, organizational psychology, work and organizational psychology, industrial psychology, occupational psychology, personnel psychology or talent assessment) applies psychology to organizations and the workplace. Industrial-organizational psychologists contribute to an organization's success by improving the performance and well-being of its people. An I-O psychologist researches and identifies how behaviors and attitudes can be improved through hiring practices, training programs, and feedback systems.^[1]

psychology of clinic

The Psychology Clinic is a mental health service, training, and research center operated by the Department of Psychology at Florida State University. We are dedicated to providing empirically supported treatment and assessment services to Tallahassee and surrounding communities.
Services are provided by doctoral level student therapists in the Clinical Psychology Ph.D. program under the close supervision of faculty members. The Clinical Psychology program is accredited by the American Psychological Association (APA Office of Program Consultation and Accreditation, 750 First Street, NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242; 202-336-5979). The Clinic Director is Thomas Joiner, Ph.D., a world renowned researcher and clinician.
Assessment and treatment are available for adults, adolescents, and children. Assessment and treatment services are available to everyone in the community who contacts the Clinic, regardless of affiliation with the University.

Clinical psychologists often work in hospitals, private practice or academic settings. Clinicians are trained in a range of techniques and theoretical approaches. Some specialize in treating certain psychological disorders, while others work with clients suffering from a wide variety of problems. Clinical psychologists treat some of the most severe psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression.

In addition to working with clients, clinical psychologists have to keep detailed records of client assessment, diagnosis, therapeutic goals and treatment notes. These records help clinicians and clients track progress and are often needed for billing and insurance purposes.

How Much Do Clinical Psychologists Typically Earn?:

According to the APA Research Office, in 2001 the average salary for a licensed clinical psychologist was $72,000. Of the psychologists surveyed, 65% worked in private practice, 19% worked in medical settings and 2% worked in some other human services setting.

The U. S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Outlook Handbook reports that employment in psychology is expected to grow faster than the average. The rising need for qualified mental health care professionals will contribute to a demand for clinical psychologists.

What Type of Degree Do Clinical Psychologists Need?:

While some individuals find work with a master’s degree, most positions require a doctoral degree in clinical psychology. Some graduate programs accepts applicants with undergraduate degrees in other disciplines, but most encourage students to get a bachelor’s in psychology before pursuing graduate study in clinical psychology.

There are two major training models for doctoral degrees. The traditional Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology (Ph.D.) emphasizes the role of the research and science. The Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) degree is primarily focused on clinical and practitioner work. Psy.D. programs are attractive to many students because they typically take approximately a year less time to complete than a Ph.D. On the other hand, Ph.D. programs tend to provide better funding of graduate students.

Is a Career in Clinical Psychology Right for Me?:

Clinical psychologists need to have excellent communication skills. It is also important to be creative when developing treatment plans and approaches. Before you decide on a career in clinical psychology, contact local human services providers about volunteer opportunities that may be available. Clinical psychology can be both a demanding and deeply rewarding field and volunteer experiences can help you decide if a career in clinical psychology is right for you.

psychology of education

Educational psychology is the study of how humans learn in educational settings, the effectiveness of educational interventions, the psychology of teaching, and the social psychology of schools as organizations. Educational psychology is concerned with how students learn and develop, often focusing on subgroups such as gifted children and those subject to specific disabilities. Although the terms "educational psychology" and "school psychology" are often used interchangeably, researchers and theorists are likely to be identified in the US and Canada as educational psychologists, whereas practitioners in schools or school-related settings are identified as school psychologists. This distinction is however not made in the UK, where the generic term for practitioners is "educational psychologist".
Educational psychology can in part be understood through its relationship with other disciplines. It is informed primarily by psychology, bearing a relationship to that discipline analogous to the relationship between medicine and biology. Educational psychology in turn informs a wide range of specialities within educational studies, including instructional design, educational technology, curriculum development, organizational learning, special education and classroom management. Educational psychology both draws from and contributes to cognitive science and the learning sciences. In universities, departments of educational psychology are usually housed within faculties of education, possibly accounting for the lack of representation of educational psychology content in introductory psychology textbooks.

psychology of social

Social psychology is the study of the relations between people and groups. Scholars in this interdisciplinary area are typically either psychologists or sociologists, though all social psychologists employ both the individual and the group as their units of analysis.

Despite their similarity, psychological and sociological researchers tend to differ in their goals, approaches, methods, and terminology. They also favor separate academic journals and professional societies. The greatest period of collaboration between sociologists and psychologists was during the years immediately following World War II. Although there has been increasing isolation and specialization in recent years, some degree of overlap and influence remains between the two disciplines.

Social psychology looks at a wide range of social topics, including group behavior, social perception, leadership, nonverbal behavior, conformity, aggression and prejudice. It is important to note that social psychology is not just about looking at social influences. Social perception and social interaction are also vital to understanding social behavior.
Brief History of Social Psychology

While Plato referred to the idea of the "crowd mind" and concepts such as social loafing and social facilitation were introduced in the late-1800s, it wasn't until after World War II that research on social psychology would begin in earnest. The horrors of the Holocaust led researchers to study the effects of social influence, conformity, and obedience.

The U.S. government also became interested in applying social psychological concepts to influencing citizens. Social psychology has continued to grow throughout the twentieth century, inspiring research that has contributed to our understanding of social experience and behavior.

How Is Social Psychology Different From Other Disciplines?
It is important to understand how social psychology differs from other disciplines. Social psychology is often confused with folk wisdom, personality psychology and sociology. What makes social psychology different? Unlike folk wisdom, which relies on anecdotal observations and subjective interpretation, social psychology employs scientific methods and empirical study of social phenomena.

While personality psychology focuses on individual traits, characteristics, and thoughts, social psychology is focused on situations. Social psychologists are interested in the impact that social environment and interaction has on attitudes and behaviors.

Finally, it is important to distinguish between social psychology and sociology. While there are many similarities between the two, sociology tends to looks at social behavior and influences at a very broad-based level. Sociologists are interested in the institutions and culture that influence social psychology. Psychologists instead focus on situational variables that affect social behavior. While psychology and sociology both study similar topics, they are looking at these topics from different perspectives.

psychology of development

Developmental psychology, also known as human development, is the scientific study of systematic psychological changes that occur in human beings over the course of their life span. Originally concerned with infants and children, the field has expanded to include adolescence, adult development, aging, and the entire life span. This field examines change across a broad range of topics including motor skills and other psycho-physiological processes; cognitive development involving areas such as problem solving, moral understanding, and conceptual understanding; language acquisition; social, personality, and emotional development; and self-concept and identity formation.

Developmental psychology includes issues such as the extent to which development occurs through the gradual accumulation of knowledge versus stage-like development, or the extent to which children are born with innate mental structures versus learning through experience. Many researchers are interested in the interaction between personal characteristics, the individual's behavior, and environmental factors including social context, and their impact on development; others take a more narrowly focused approach.

Developmental psychology informs several applied fields, including: educational psychology, child psychopathology, and forensic developmental psychology. Developmental psychology complements several other basic research fields in psychology including social psychology, cognitive psychology, ecological psychology, and comparative psychology.